patterns: Added USB Descriptor pattern

* Add naive first implementation of ID3 patterns

* Refine string handling a bit

* Optimize structs using the static keyword

* Add MIME type pragma and update README

README.md

@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ Hex patterns, include patterns and magic files for the use with the ImHex Hex Ed
 | BSON | `application/bson` | [`patterns/bson.hexpat`](patterns/bson.hexpat) | BSON (Binary JSON) format | 
 | msgpack | `application/x-msgpack` | [`patterns/msgpack.hexpat`](patterns/msgpack.hexpat) | MessagePack binary serialization format | 
 | MiniDump | `application/x-dmp` | [`patterns/minidump.hexpat`](patterns/minidump.hexpat) | Windows MiniDump files | 
+| ID3 | `audio/mpeg` | [`patterns/id3tag.hexpat`](patterns/id3tag.hexpat) | ID3 tags in MP3 files |
 
 ### Scripts
 

patterns/id3.hexpat

@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+#pragma MIME audio/mpeg
+
+#include <std/mem.pat>
+
+namespace v1 {
+
+    struct Tag {
+        char header[3];
+        char title[30];
+        char artist[30];
+        char album[30];
+        char year[4];
+        char comment[30];
+        u8   zero;
+        u8   track;
+        u8   genre;
+    } [[static]];
+
+}
+
+namespace v2 {
+
+    struct SyncSafeInt {
+        u8 bytes[4];
+    } [[sealed, static, format("v2::ssi_value"), transform("v2::ssi_value")]];
+
+    fn ssi_value(ref SyncSafeInt n) {
+        u32 result = 0;
+        for (u8 i = 0, i < 4, i = i + 1) {
+            u8 byteval = n.bytes[i] & 0x7F;
+            u8 shift = 7 * (4 - i - 1);
+            result = result | (byteval << shift);
+        }
+        return result;
+    };
+
+    struct TagVersion {
+        u8 major;
+        u8 revision;
+    };
+    
+    bitfield TagHeaderFlags {
+        unsynchronized : 1;
+        extended       : 1;
+        experimental   : 1;
+        footer         : 1;
+        padding        : 4;
+    };
+    
+    struct TagHeader {
+        char           identifier[3];
+        TagVersion     version;
+        TagHeaderFlags flags;
+        SyncSafeInt    size;
+    } [[static]];
+    
+    bitfield ExtendedFlag {
+        padding      : 1;
+        update       : 1;
+        crcpresent   : 1;
+        restrictions : 1;
+        padding      : 4;
+    };
+
+    struct TagExtendedHeader {
+        SyncSafeInt  size;
+        u8           nflagbytes;
+        ExtendedFlag flags[nflagbytes];
+        u8           data[size];
+    };
+    
+    struct TagFooter {
+        char           identifier[3];
+        TagVersion     version;
+        TagHeaderFlags flags;
+        SyncSafeInt    size;
+    } [[static]];
+    
+    bitfield FrameFlags {
+        padding               : 1;
+        tagalterpreservation  : 1;
+        filealterpreservation : 1;
+        readonly              : 1;
+        padding               : 5;
+        groupid               : 1;
+        padding               : 2;
+        compressed            : 1;
+        encrypted             : 1;
+        unzynchronized        : 1;
+        datalengthindicator   : 1;
+    };
+
+    enum TextEncoding : u8 {
+        ISO88591 = 0x00,
+        UTF16BOM = 0x01,
+        UTF16BE  = 0x02,
+        UTF8     = 0x03,
+    };
+
+    struct StringData {
+        TextEncoding encoding;
+        if (encoding == TextEncoding::UTF16BOM) {
+            u16    bom;
+            char16 data[(parent.size - 3) / 2];
+        } else if (encoding == TextEncoding::UTF16BE)
+            be char16 data[(parent.size - 1) / 2];
+        else
+            char data[parent.size - 1];
+    };
+
+    // Hack to work around the fact, that chars may not be compared
+    union FrameId {
+        char cdata[4];
+        u8   ndata[4];
+    } [[sealed, static, format("v2::impl::format_frame_id")]];
+
+    namespace impl {
+
+    fn format_frame_id(ref FrameId id) {
+        return id.cdata;
+    };
+
+    }
+    
+    struct Frame {
+        FrameId     id;
+        SyncSafeInt size;
+        FrameFlags  flags;
+        if (id.ndata[0] == 'T')
+            StringData data;
+        else
+            u8      data[size];
+    };
+
+    fn has_next_frame(u32 size) {
+        bool hasnext = $ < size;
+        if (hasnext) {
+            hasnext = std::mem::read_unsigned($, 1) != 0;
+            $ = $ - 1;
+        }
+        return hasnext;
+    };
+
+    struct Tag {
+        TagHeader header;
+        if (header.flags.extended)
+            TagExtendedHeader extendedheader;
+        Frame     frames[while(v2::has_next_frame(header.size))];
+        if (header.flags.footer)
+            TagFooter footer;
+    };
+
+}
+
+v2::Tag tag @ 0;
+v1::Tag oldtag @ std::mem::size() - 128;

patterns/minidump.hexpat

@@ -8,50 +8,50 @@ using RVA = ULONG32;
 using RVA64 = ULONG64;
 
 enum MINIDUMP_STREAM_TYPE : ULONG32 {
-	UnusedStream 				= 0,
-	ReservedStream0 			= 1,
-	ReservedStream1 			= 2,
-	ThreadListStream 			= 3,
-	ModuleListStream 			= 4,
-	MemoryListStream 			= 5,
-	ExceptionStream 			= 6,
-	SystemInfoStream 			= 7,
-	ThreadExListStream 			= 8,
-	Memory64ListStream 			= 9,
-	CommentStreamA 				= 10,
-	CommentStreamW 				= 11,
-	HandleDataStream 			= 12,
-	FunctionTableStream			= 13,
-	UnloadedModuleListStream 	= 14,
-	MiscInfoStream 				= 15,
-	MemoryInfoListStream 		= 16,
-	ThreadInfoListStream 		= 17,
-	HandleOperationListStream 	= 18,
-	TokenStream 				= 19,
-	JavaScriptDataStream 		= 20,
-	SystemMemoryInfoStream 		= 21,
-	ProcessVmCountersStream 	= 22,
-	IptTraceStream 				= 23,
-	ThreadNamesStream 			= 24,
-	ceStreamNull 				= 0x8000,
-	ceStreamSystemInfo 			= 0x8001,
-	ceStreamException 			= 0x8002,
-	ceStreamModuleList 			= 0x8003,
-	ceStreamProcessList 		= 0x8004,
-	ceStreamThreadList 			= 0x8005,
-	ceStreamThreadContextList 	= 0x8006,
-	ceStreamThreadCallStackList = 0x8007,
-	ceStreamMemoryVirtualList 	= 0x8008,
-	ceStreamMemoryPhysicalList 	= 0x8009,
-	ceStreamBucketParameters 	= 0x800A,
-	ceStreamProcessModuleMap 	= 0x800B,
-	ceStreamDiagnosisList 		= 0x800C,
-	LastReservedStream 			= 0xFFFF
+    UnusedStream                = 0,
+    ReservedStream0             = 1,
+    ReservedStream1             = 2,
+    ThreadListStream            = 3,
+    ModuleListStream            = 4,
+    MemoryListStream            = 5,
+    ExceptionStream             = 6,
+    SystemInfoStream            = 7,
+    ThreadExListStream          = 8,
+    Memory64ListStream          = 9,
+    CommentStreamA              = 10,
+    CommentStreamW              = 11,
+    HandleDataStream            = 12,
+    FunctionTableStream         = 13,
+    UnloadedModuleListStream    = 14,
+    MiscInfoStream              = 15,
+    MemoryInfoListStream        = 16,
+    ThreadInfoListStream        = 17,
+    HandleOperationListStream   = 18,
+    TokenStream                 = 19,
+    JavaScriptDataStream        = 20,
+    SystemMemoryInfoStream      = 21,
+    ProcessVmCountersStream     = 22,
+    IptTraceStream              = 23,
+    ThreadNamesStream           = 24,
+    ceStreamNull                = 0x8000,
+    ceStreamSystemInfo          = 0x8001,
+    ceStreamException           = 0x8002,
+    ceStreamModuleList          = 0x8003,
+    ceStreamProcessList         = 0x8004,
+    ceStreamThreadList          = 0x8005,
+    ceStreamThreadContextList   = 0x8006,
+    ceStreamThreadCallStackList = 0x8007,
+    ceStreamMemoryVirtualList   = 0x8008,
+    ceStreamMemoryPhysicalList  = 0x8009,
+    ceStreamBucketParameters    = 0x800A,
+    ceStreamProcessModuleMap    = 0x800B,
+    ceStreamDiagnosisList       = 0x800C,
+    LastReservedStream          = 0xFFFF
 };
 
 struct MINIDUMP_LOCATION_DESCRIPTOR {
-	type::Size32 DataSize;
-	RVA Rva;
+    type::Size32 DataSize;
+    RVA Rva;
 };
 
 struct MINIDUMP_MEMORY_DESCRIPTOR {
@@ -70,24 +70,24 @@ struct MINIDUMP_THREAD {
 };
 
 struct MINIDUMP_THREAD_LIST {
-	ULONG32 NumberOfThreads;
-	MINIDUMP_THREAD Threads[NumberOfThreads];
+    ULONG32 NumberOfThreads;
+    MINIDUMP_THREAD Threads[NumberOfThreads];
 };
 
 struct VS_FIXEDFILEINFO {
-	DWORD dwSignature;
-	DWORD dwStrucVersion;
-	DWORD dwFileVersionMS;
-	DWORD dwFileVersionLS;
-	DWORD dwProductVersionMS;
-	DWORD dwProductVersionLS;
-	DWORD dwFileFlagsMask;
-	DWORD dwFileFlags;
-	DWORD dwFileOS;
-	DWORD dwFileType;
-	DWORD dwFileSubtype;
-	DWORD dwFileDateMS;
-	DWORD dwFileDateLS;
+    DWORD dwSignature;
+    DWORD dwStrucVersion;
+    DWORD dwFileVersionMS;
+    DWORD dwFileVersionLS;
+    DWORD dwProductVersionMS;
+    DWORD dwProductVersionLS;
+    DWORD dwFileFlagsMask;
+    DWORD dwFileFlags;
+    DWORD dwFileOS;
+    DWORD dwFileType;
+    DWORD dwFileSubtype;
+    DWORD dwFileDateMS;
+    DWORD dwFileDateLS;
 };
 
 struct MINIDUMP_MODULE {
@@ -101,12 +101,12 @@ struct MINIDUMP_MODULE {
     MINIDUMP_LOCATION_DESCRIPTOR MiscRecord;
     ULONG64 Reserved0;
     ULONG64 Reserved1;
-    
+
     char16 ModuleName[] @ ModuleNameRva + 4 [[hidden]];
 } [[format("format_module")]];
 
 fn format_module(ref MINIDUMP_MODULE module) {
-	return module.ModuleName;
+    return module.ModuleName;
 };
 
 struct MINIDUMP_MODULE_LIST {
@@ -137,10 +137,10 @@ struct MINIDUMP_EXCEPTION_STREAM {
 };
 
 struct CPU_INFORMATION {
-	ULONG32 VendorId[3];
-	ULONG32 VersionInformation;
-	ULONG32 FeatureInformation;
-	ULONG32 AMDExtendedCpuFeatures;
+    ULONG32 VendorId[3];
+    ULONG32 VersionInformation;
+    ULONG32 FeatureInformation;
+    ULONG32 AMDExtendedCpuFeatures;
 };
 
 struct MINIDUMP_SYSTEM_INFO {
@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ struct MINIDUMP_FUNCTION_TABLE_STREAM {
     type::Size32 SizeOfFunctionEntry;
     ULONG32 NumberOfDescriptors;
     ULONG32 SizeOfAlignPad;
-    
+
     MINIDUMP_FUNCTION_TABLE_DESCRIPTOR FunctionDescriptors[NumberOfDescriptors];
 };
 
@@ -245,19 +245,19 @@ struct MINIDUMP_UNLOADED_MODULE {
     ULONG32 CheckSum;
     ULONG32 TimeDateStamp;
     RVA ModuleNameRva;
-    
+
     char16 ModuleName[] @ ModuleNameRva + 4 [[hidden]];
 } [[format("format_unloaded_module")]];
 
 fn format_unloaded_module(ref MINIDUMP_UNLOADED_MODULE module) {
-	return module.ModuleName;
+    return module.ModuleName;
 };
 
 struct MINIDUMP_UNLOADED_MODULE_LIST {
     ULONG32 SizeOfHeader;
     ULONG32 SizeOfEntry;
     ULONG32 NumberOfEntries;
-    
+
     if (SizeOfHeader > 12)
         padding[header.SizeOfHeader - 12];
         
@@ -271,7 +271,7 @@ struct MINIDUMP_MISC_INFO {
     ULONG32 ProcessCreateTime;
     ULONG32 ProcessUserTime;
     ULONG32 ProcessKernelTime;
-    
+
     if (SizeOfInfo > 24) {
         ULONG32 ProcessorMaxMhz;
         ULONG32 ProcessorCurrentMhz;
@@ -297,7 +297,7 @@ struct MINIDUMP_MEMORY_INFO_LIST {
     ULONG SizeOfHeader;
     ULONG SizeOfEntry;
     ULONG64 NumberOfEntries;
-    
+
     if (SizeOfHeader > 16)
         padding[SizeOfHeader - 16];
         
@@ -321,7 +321,7 @@ struct MINIDUMP_THREAD_INFO_LIST {
     ULONG SizeOfHeader;
     ULONG SizeOfEntry;
     ULONG NumberOfEntries;
-    
+
     if (SizeOfHeader > 12)
         padding[SizeOfHeader - 12];
         
@@ -336,88 +336,88 @@ struct MINIDUMP_HANDLE_OPERATION_LIST {
 };
 
 struct MINIDUMP_DIRECTORY {
-	MINIDUMP_STREAM_TYPE StreamType;
-	MINIDUMP_LOCATION_DESCRIPTOR Location;
-	
-	if (StreamType == MINIDUMP_STREAM_TYPE::ThreadListStream)
-		MINIDUMP_THREAD_LIST ThreadList @ Location.Rva;
-	else if (StreamType == MINIDUMP_STREAM_TYPE::ModuleListStream)
-		MINIDUMP_MODULE_LIST ModuleList @ Location.Rva;
-	else if (StreamType == MINIDUMP_STREAM_TYPE::MemoryListStream)
-		MINIDUMP_MEMORY_LIST MemoryList @ Location.Rva;
-	else if (StreamType == MINIDUMP_STREAM_TYPE::ExceptionStream)
-		MINIDUMP_EXCEPTION_STREAM  ExceptionInfo @ Location.Rva;
-	else if (StreamType == MINIDUMP_STREAM_TYPE::SystemInfoStream)
-		MINIDUMP_SYSTEM_INFO SystemInfo @ Location.Rva;
-	else if (StreamType == MINIDUMP_STREAM_TYPE::ThreadExListStream)
-		MINIDUMP_THREAD_EX_LIST ThreadExList @ Location.Rva;
-	else if (StreamType == MINIDUMP_STREAM_TYPE::Memory64ListStream)
-		MINIDUMP_MEMORY64_LIST Mem64List @ Location.Rva;
-	else if (StreamType == MINIDUMP_STREAM_TYPE::CommentStreamA)
-		char Comment[] @ Location.Rva;
-	else if (StreamType == MINIDUMP_STREAM_TYPE::CommentStreamW)
-		char16 Comment[] @ Location.Rva;
-	else if (StreamType == MINIDUMP_STREAM_TYPE::HandleDataStream)
-		MINIDUMP_HANDLE_DATA_STREAM HandleData @ Location.Rva;
-	else if (StreamType == MINIDUMP_STREAM_TYPE::FunctionTableStream)
-		MINIDUMP_FUNCTION_TABLE_STREAM FunctionTable @ Location.Rva;
-	else if (StreamType == MINIDUMP_STREAM_TYPE::UnloadedModuleListStream)
-		MINIDUMP_UNLOADED_MODULE_LIST UnloadModuleList @ Location.Rva;
-	else if (StreamType == MINIDUMP_STREAM_TYPE::MiscInfoStream)
-		 MINIDUMP_MISC_INFO MiscInfo @ Location.Rva;
-	else if (StreamType == MINIDUMP_STREAM_TYPE::MemoryInfoListStream)
-		 MINIDUMP_MEMORY_INFO_LIST MemInfoList @ Location.Rva;
-	else if (StreamType == MINIDUMP_STREAM_TYPE::ThreadInfoListStream)
-		 MINIDUMP_THREAD_INFO_LIST ThreadInfoList @ Location.Rva;
-	else if (StreamType == MINIDUMP_STREAM_TYPE::HandleOperationListStream)
-		 MINIDUMP_HANDLE_OPERATION_LIST HandleOperList @ Location.Rva;
+    MINIDUMP_STREAM_TYPE StreamType;
+    MINIDUMP_LOCATION_DESCRIPTOR Location;
+
+    if (StreamType == MINIDUMP_STREAM_TYPE::ThreadListStream)
+        MINIDUMP_THREAD_LIST ThreadList @ Location.Rva;
+    else if (StreamType == MINIDUMP_STREAM_TYPE::ModuleListStream)
+        MINIDUMP_MODULE_LIST ModuleList @ Location.Rva;
+    else if (StreamType == MINIDUMP_STREAM_TYPE::MemoryListStream)
+        MINIDUMP_MEMORY_LIST MemoryList @ Location.Rva;
+    else if (StreamType == MINIDUMP_STREAM_TYPE::ExceptionStream)
+        MINIDUMP_EXCEPTION_STREAM  ExceptionInfo @ Location.Rva;
+    else if (StreamType == MINIDUMP_STREAM_TYPE::SystemInfoStream)
+        MINIDUMP_SYSTEM_INFO SystemInfo @ Location.Rva;
+    else if (StreamType == MINIDUMP_STREAM_TYPE::ThreadExListStream)
+        MINIDUMP_THREAD_EX_LIST ThreadExList @ Location.Rva;
+    else if (StreamType == MINIDUMP_STREAM_TYPE::Memory64ListStream)
+        MINIDUMP_MEMORY64_LIST Mem64List @ Location.Rva;
+    else if (StreamType == MINIDUMP_STREAM_TYPE::CommentStreamA)
+        char Comment[] @ Location.Rva;
+    else if (StreamType == MINIDUMP_STREAM_TYPE::CommentStreamW)
+        char16 Comment[] @ Location.Rva;
+    else if (StreamType == MINIDUMP_STREAM_TYPE::HandleDataStream)
+        MINIDUMP_HANDLE_DATA_STREAM HandleData @ Location.Rva;
+    else if (StreamType == MINIDUMP_STREAM_TYPE::FunctionTableStream)
+        MINIDUMP_FUNCTION_TABLE_STREAM FunctionTable @ Location.Rva;
+    else if (StreamType == MINIDUMP_STREAM_TYPE::UnloadedModuleListStream)
+        MINIDUMP_UNLOADED_MODULE_LIST UnloadModuleList @ Location.Rva;
+    else if (StreamType == MINIDUMP_STREAM_TYPE::MiscInfoStream)
+            MINIDUMP_MISC_INFO MiscInfo @ Location.Rva;
+    else if (StreamType == MINIDUMP_STREAM_TYPE::MemoryInfoListStream)
+            MINIDUMP_MEMORY_INFO_LIST MemInfoList @ Location.Rva;
+    else if (StreamType == MINIDUMP_STREAM_TYPE::ThreadInfoListStream)
+            MINIDUMP_THREAD_INFO_LIST ThreadInfoList @ Location.Rva;
+    else if (StreamType == MINIDUMP_STREAM_TYPE::HandleOperationListStream)
+            MINIDUMP_HANDLE_OPERATION_LIST HandleOperList @ Location.Rva;
 };
 
 bitfield MINIDUMP_TYPE {
-	MiniDumpWithDataSegs 					: 1;
-	MiniDumpWithFullMemory 					: 1;
-	MiniDumpWithHandleData 					: 1;
-	MiniDumpFilterMemory 					: 1;
-	MiniDumpScanMemory 						: 1;
-	MiniDumpWithUnloadedModules 			: 1;
-	MiniDumpWithIndirectlyReferencedMemory	: 1;
-	MiniDumpFilterModulePaths 				: 1;
-	MiniDumpWithProcessThreadData 			: 1;
-	MiniDumpWithPrivateReadWriteMemory 		: 1;
-	MiniDumpWithoutOptionalData 			: 1;
-	MiniDumpWithFullMemoryInfo 				: 1;
-	MiniDumpWithThreadInfo 					: 1;
-	MiniDumpWithCodeSegs 					: 1;
-	MiniDumpWithoutAuxiliaryState 			: 1;
-	MiniDumpWithFullAuxiliaryState 			: 1;
-	MiniDumpWithPrivateWriteCopyMemory 		: 1;
-	MiniDumpIgnoreInaccessibleMemory 		: 1;
-	MiniDumpWithTokenInformation 			: 1;
-	MiniDumpWithModuleHeaders 				: 1;
-	MiniDumpFilterTriage 					: 1;
-	MiniDumpWithAvxXStateContext 			: 1;
-	MiniDumpWithIptTrace 					: 1;
-	MiniDumpScanInaccessiblePartialPages 	: 1;
-	padding									: 40;
+    MiniDumpWithDataSegs                    : 1;
+    MiniDumpWithFullMemory                  : 1;
+    MiniDumpWithHandleData                  : 1;
+    MiniDumpFilterMemory                    : 1;
+    MiniDumpScanMemory                      : 1;
+    MiniDumpWithUnloadedModules             : 1;
+    MiniDumpWithIndirectlyReferencedMemory  : 1;
+    MiniDumpFilterModulePaths               : 1;
+    MiniDumpWithProcessThreadData           : 1;
+    MiniDumpWithPrivateReadWriteMemory      : 1;
+    MiniDumpWithoutOptionalData             : 1;
+    MiniDumpWithFullMemoryInfo              : 1;
+    MiniDumpWithThreadInfo                  : 1;
+    MiniDumpWithCodeSegs                    : 1;
+    MiniDumpWithoutAuxiliaryState           : 1;
+    MiniDumpWithFullAuxiliaryState          : 1;
+    MiniDumpWithPrivateWriteCopyMemory      : 1;
+    MiniDumpIgnoreInaccessibleMemory        : 1;
+    MiniDumpWithTokenInformation            : 1;
+    MiniDumpWithModuleHeaders               : 1;
+    MiniDumpFilterTriage                    : 1;
+    MiniDumpWithAvxXStateContext            : 1;
+    MiniDumpWithIptTrace                    : 1;
+    MiniDumpScanInaccessiblePartialPages    : 1;
+    padding                                 : 40;
 } [[right_to_left]];
 
 struct MINIDUMP_HEADER {
-	char Signature[4];
-	ULONG32 Version;
-	ULONG32 NumberOfStreams;
-	RVA StreamDirectoryRva;
-	ULONG32 Checksum;
-	type::time32_t TimeDateStamp;
-	MINIDUMP_TYPE Flags;
+    char Signature[4];
+    ULONG32 Version;
+    ULONG32 NumberOfStreams;
+    RVA StreamDirectoryRva;
+    ULONG32 Checksum;
+    type::time32_t TimeDateStamp;
+    MINIDUMP_TYPE Flags;
 };
 
 struct MINIDUMP {
-	MINIDUMP_HEADER Header;
-	MINIDUMP_DIRECTORY Streams[Header.NumberOfStreams] [[format_entries("format_stream")]];
+    MINIDUMP_HEADER Header;
+    MINIDUMP_DIRECTORY Streams[Header.NumberOfStreams] [[format_entries("format_stream")]];
 };
 
 fn format_stream(ref MINIDUMP_DIRECTORY stream) {
-	return stream.StreamType;
+    return stream.StreamType;
 };
 
-MINIDUMP MiniDump @ 0x00;
+MINIDUMP MiniDump @ 0x00;

patterns/usb.hexpat

@@ -0,0 +1,270 @@
+#include <std/io.pat>
+#include <std/mem.pat>
+#include <std/string.pat>
+
+enum DescriptorType : u8 {
+    DeviceDescriptor                    = 0x01,
+    ConfigDescriptor                    = 0x02,
+    StringDescriptor                    = 0x03,
+    InterfaceDescriptor                 = 0x04,
+    EndpointDescriptor                  = 0x05,
+    DeviceQualifierDescriptor           = 0x06,
+    OtherSpeedConfigurationDescriptor   = 0x07,
+    InterfacePowerDescriptor            = 0x08,
+    OTGDescriptor                       = 0x09,
+    DebugDescriptor                     = 0x0A,
+    InterfaceAssociationDescriptor      = 0x0B,
+    
+    HIDDescriptor                       = 0x21,
+    ReportDescriptor                    = 0x22,
+    PhysicalDescriptor                  = 0x23
+};
+
+enum InterfaceClass : u8 {
+    UseClassInformationInInterfaceDescriptors   = 0x00,
+    Audio                                       = 0x01,
+    CommunicationAndCDCControl                  = 0x02,
+    HID                                         = 0x03,
+    Physical                                    = 0x05,
+    Image                                       = 0x06,
+    Printer                                     = 0x07,
+    MassStorage                                 = 0x08,
+    Hub                                         = 0x09,
+    CDCData                                     = 0x0A,
+    SmartCard                                   = 0x0B,
+    ContentSecurity                             = 0x0C,
+    Video                                       = 0x0E,
+    PersonalHealthcare                          = 0x0F,
+    AudioVideoDevice                            = 0x10,
+    BillboardDevice                             = 0x11,
+    USBTypeCBridge                              = 0x12,
+    I3CDevice                                   = 0x3C,
+    DiagnosticDevice                            = 0xDC,
+    WirelessController                          = 0xE0,
+    Miscellaneous                               = 0xEF,
+    ApplicationSpecific                         = 0xFE,
+    VendorSpecific                              = 0xFF
+};
+
+enum CountryCode : u8 {
+    NotSupported            = 0,
+    Arabic                  = 1,
+    Belgian                 = 2,
+    CanadianBilingual       = 3,
+    CanadianFrench          = 4,
+    CzechRepublic           = 5,
+    Danish                  = 6,
+    Finnish                 = 7,
+    French                  = 8,
+    German                  = 9,
+    Greek                   = 10,
+    Hebrew                  = 11,
+    Hungary                 = 12,
+    International           = 13,
+    Italian                 = 14,
+    JapanKatakana           = 15,
+    Korean                  = 16,
+    LatinAmerican           = 17,
+    Dutch                   = 18,
+    Norwegian               = 19,
+    PersianFarsi            = 20,
+    Polish                  = 21,
+    Portuguese              = 22,
+    Russian                 = 23,
+    Slovakian               = 24,
+    Spanish                 = 25,
+    Swedish                 = 26,
+    SwissFrench             = 27,
+    SwissGerman             = 28,
+    Switzerland             = 29,
+    Taiwan                  = 30,
+    TurkishQ                = 31,
+    EnglishUK               = 32,
+    EnglishUS               = 33,
+    Yugoslavian             = 34,
+    TurkishF                = 35,
+    Reserved                = 36 ... 255
+};
+
+enum HubInterfaceSubClass : u8 {
+    Hub = 0x00
+};
+
+enum AudioVideoDeviceSubClass : u8 {
+    AVControlInterface              = 0x01,
+    AVDataVideoStreamingInterface   = 0x02,
+    AVDataAudioStreamingInterface   = 0x03
+};
+
+enum HubInterfaceProtocol : u8 {
+    FullSpeedHub                    = 0x00,
+    HiSpeedHubWithSingleTT          = 0x01,
+    HiSpeedHubWithMultipleTTs       = 0x02
+};
+
+struct Ampere {
+    u8 amps;
+} [[sealed, format("format_ampere")]];
+
+fn format_ampere(Ampere ampere) {
+    return std::format("{} mA", ampere.amps * 2);
+};
+
+bitfield ConfigAttributes {
+    padding : 1;
+    SelfPowered : 1;
+    RemoteWakeup : 1;
+    padding : 5;
+} [[left_to_right]];
+
+struct BCD<auto Size> {
+    u8 bytes[Size];
+} [[sealed, format("format_bcd")]];
+
+fn format_bcd(ref auto bcd) {
+    str result;
+    for (s8 i = sizeof(bcd.bytes) - 1, i >= 0, i -= 1)
+        result += std::format("{:X}.", bcd.bytes[i]);
+        
+    return std::string::substr(result, 0, std::string::length(result) - 1);
+};
+
+struct DeviceDescriptor {
+    BCD<2> bcdUSB;
+    InterfaceClass bDeviceClass;
+    if (bDeviceClass == InterfaceClass::Hub) {
+        HubInterfaceSubClass bDeviceSubClass;
+        if (bDeviceSubClass == HubInterfaceSubClass::Hub)
+            HubInterfaceProtocol bDeviceSubClass;
+        else
+            u8 bDeviceSubClass;
+    } else if (bDeviceClass == InterfaceClass::AudioVideoDevice) {
+        AudioVideoDeviceSubClass bDeviceSubClass;
+        u8 bDeviceSubClass;
+    } else {
+        u8 bDeviceSubClass;
+        u8 bDeviceSubClass;
+    }
+};
+
+struct ConfigDescriptor {
+    u16 wTotalLength;
+    u8 bNumInterfaces;
+    u8 bConfigurationValue;
+    u8 iConfiguration;
+    ConfigAttributes bmAttributes;
+    Ampere bMaxPower;
+};
+
+struct StringDescriptor {
+    char bString[parent.bLength - 2];
+};
+
+struct InterfaceDescriptor {
+    u8 bInterfaceNumber;
+    u8 bAlternateSetting;
+    u8 bNumEndpoints;
+    
+    InterfaceClass bInterfaceClass;
+    if (bInterfaceClass == InterfaceClass::Hub) {
+        HubInterfaceSubClass bInterfaceSubClass;
+        if (bInterfaceSubClass == HubInterfaceSubClass::Hub)
+            HubInterfaceProtocol bInterfaceProtocol;
+        else
+            u8 bInterfaceProtocol;
+    } else if (bInterfaceClass == InterfaceClass::AudioVideoDevice) {
+        AudioVideoDeviceSubClass bInterfaceSubClass;
+        u8 bInterfaceProtocol;
+    } else {
+        u8 bInterfaceSubClass;
+        u8 bInterfaceProtocol;
+    }
+    
+    u8 iInterface;
+};
+
+enum EndpointDirection : u8 {
+    OUT = 0,
+    IN = 1
+};
+
+fn format_direction(u8 value) {
+    EndpointDirection direction;
+    direction = value;
+    return direction;
+};
+
+bitfield EndpointAddress {
+    Direction      : 1 [[format("format_direction")]];
+    padding        : 3;
+    EndpointNumber : 4;
+} [[left_to_right]];
+
+bitfield EndpointAttributes {
+    TransferType : 2;
+    SynchronizationType : 2;
+    UsageType : 2;
+} [[right_to_left]];
+
+struct EndpointDescriptor {
+    EndpointAddress bEndPointAddress;
+    EndpointAttributes bmAttributes;
+    u16 wMaxPacketSize;
+    u8 bInterval;
+};
+
+struct OtherSpeedConfigurationDescriptor {
+    ConfigDescriptor content [[inline]];
+};
+
+struct DeviceQualifierDescriptor {
+    DeviceDescriptor deviceDescriptor [[inline]];
+    u8 bMaxPacketSize0;
+    u8 bNumConfigurations;
+    padding[1];
+};
+
+bitfield OTGAttributes {
+    SRPSupport : 1;
+    HNPSupport : 1;
+} [[right_to_left]];
+
+struct OTGDescriptor {
+    OTGAttributes bmAttributes;
+};
+
+struct HIDDescriptor {
+    BCD<2> bcdVersion;
+    CountryCode bCountryCode;
+    u8 bNumDescriptors;
+    DescriptorType bDescriptorType;
+    u16 wDescriptorLength;
+};
+
+struct USBDescriptor {
+    u8 bLength;
+    DescriptorType bDescriptorType;
+    
+    if (bDescriptorType == DescriptorType::DeviceDescriptor)
+        DeviceDescriptor deviceDescriptor [[inline]];
+    else if (bDescriptorType == DescriptorType::ConfigDescriptor)
+        ConfigDescriptor configDescriptor [[inline]];
+    else if (bDescriptorType == DescriptorType::StringDescriptor)
+        StringDescriptor stringDescriptor [[inline]];
+    else if (bDescriptorType == DescriptorType::InterfaceDescriptor)
+        InterfaceDescriptor interfaceDescriptor [[inline]];
+    else if (bDescriptorType == DescriptorType::EndpointDescriptor)
+        EndpointDescriptor endpointDescriptor [[inline]];
+    else if (bDescriptorType == DescriptorType::OtherSpeedConfigurationDescriptor)
+        OtherSpeedConfigurationDescriptor otherSpeedConfigurationDescriptor [[inline]];
+    else if (bDescriptorType == DescriptorType::DeviceQualifierDescriptor)
+        DeviceQualifierDescriptor deviceQualifierDescriptor [[inline]];
+    else if (bDescriptorType == DescriptorType::OTGDescriptor)
+        OTGDescriptor otgDescriptor [[inline]];
+    else if (bDescriptorType == DescriptorType::HIDDescriptor)
+        HIDDescriptor hidDescriptor [[inline]];
+    
+    padding[bLength - ($ - addressof(this))];
+};
+
+USBDescriptor descriptors[while(!std::mem::eof())] @ 0x00;