diff --git a/src/main/java/dev/sillyangel/calc/utils/Utils.java b/src/main/java/dev/sillyangel/calc/utils/Utils.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..470ddb0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/java/dev/sillyangel/calc/utils/Utils.java
@@ -0,0 +1,254 @@
+package dev.sillyangel.calc.utils;
+
+import javax.swing.JOptionPane;
+import java.awt.datatransfer.Clipboard;
+import java.awt.datatransfer.DataFlavor;
+import java.awt.datatransfer.StringSelection;
+import java.awt.Toolkit;
+import java.util.List;
+import javax.swing.JTextArea;
+import javax.swing.JScrollPane;
+import javax.swing.JLabel;
+import javax.swing.JButton;
+import javax.swing.border.EmptyBorder;
+import javax.swing.JPanel;
+import javax.swing.SwingConstants;
+import javax.swing.JDialog;
+import java.awt.BorderLayout;
+import java.awt.FlowLayout;
+import java.awt.Font;
+import dev.sillyangel.calc.Calculator;
+
+public class Utils {
+    // private double result;
+    // private boolean resultVisible;
+    private Calculator ci;
+    public Utils(Calculator ci) {
+        System.out.printf(""); 
+        this.ci = ci;
+    }
+
+    public void reciprocal() {
+        String tmp = ci.display.getText();
+        if (tmp == null || tmp.isEmpty()) {
+            return;
+        }
+        try {
+            double value = Double.parseDouble(tmp);
+            if (value != 0) {
+                ci.result = 1.0 / value;
+                ci.display.setText("" + ci.result);
+                ci.resultVisible = true;
+            } else {
+                ci.display.setText("Error: Div by Zero");
+                ci.resultVisible = false;
+            }
+        } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
+            ci.display.setText("Error: Invalid Input");
+            ci.resultVisible = false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void clearAll() {
+        ci.display.setText("");
+        ci.operand1 = "";
+        ci.operand2 = "";
+        ci.operator = "";
+    }
+
+    public void square() {
+        String tmp = ci.display.getText();
+        if (tmp == null || tmp.isEmpty()) return;
+        double value = Double.parseDouble(tmp);
+        ci.result = value * value;
+        ci.display.setText("" + ci.result);
+        ci.resultVisible = true;
+    }
+
+    public void squareRoot() {
+        String tmp = ci.display.getText();
+        if (tmp == null || tmp.isEmpty()) return;
+        double value = Double.parseDouble(tmp);
+        if (value >= 0) {
+            ci.result = Math.sqrt(value);
+            ci.display.setText("" + ci.result);
+            ci.resultVisible = true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void backspace() {
+		String tmp = ci.display.getText();
+		if (tmp.length()>1) // if there is more than 1 character
+		    ci.display.setText( tmp.substring(0, tmp.length()-1) );
+		else // otherwise just make display empty
+		    ci.display.setText("");
+	}
+
+    public void math() {
+		ci.operand2 = ci.display.getText();
+		double op1 = Double.parseDouble(ci.operand1);
+		double op2 = Double.parseDouble(ci.operand2);
+
+		if ("+".equals(ci.operator)) {
+			ci.result = op1+op2;
+		} else if ("-".equals(ci.operator)) {
+			ci.result = op1-op2;
+		} else if ("*".equals(ci.operator)) {
+			ci.result = op1*op2;
+		} else if ("/".equals(ci.operator)) {
+			ci.result = op1/op2;
+		} else if ("%".equals(ci.operator)) {
+			ci.result = op1 % op2;
+		} else {
+			ci.result = op2;
+			System.out.println("Op: " + op1);
+			System.out.println("Op2: " + op2);
+		}
+
+		// Save calculation to history
+		if (!ci.operator.isEmpty()) {
+			String calculation = ci.operand1 + " " + ci.operator + " " + ci.operand2 + " = " + ci.result;
+			ci.history.saveToHistory(calculation);
+		}
+
+		ci.operator = "";
+		ci.operand1 = "";
+		ci.operand2 = "";
+
+		ci.resultVisible = true;
+		ci.display.setText(""+ci.result);
+		saveToUndoStack(""+ci.result);
+	}
+
+    public void saveToUndoStack(String value) {
+		// Remove any states after current index (if user undid and then made a new action)
+		if (ci.undoIndex < ci.undoStack.size() - 1) {
+			ci.undoStack.subList(ci.undoIndex + 1, ci.undoStack.size()).clear();
+		}
+		ci.undoStack.add(value);
+		ci.undoIndex = ci.undoStack.size() - 1;
+	}
+    public void undoAction() {
+		if (ci.undoIndex > 0) {
+			ci.undoIndex--;
+			ci.display.setText(ci.undoStack.get(ci.undoIndex));
+		} else {
+			System.out.println("Nothing to undo");
+		}
+	}
+
+	public void redoAction() {
+		if (ci.undoIndex < ci.undoStack.size() - 1) {
+			ci.undoIndex++;
+			ci.display.setText(ci.undoStack.get(ci.undoIndex));
+		} else {
+			System.out.println("Nothing to redo");
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Clipboard operations
+	public void cutAction() {
+		copyAction();
+		ci.display.setText("");
+	}
+
+	public void copyAction() {
+		String text = ci.display.getText();
+		if (text != null && !text.isEmpty()) {
+			StringSelection selection = new StringSelection(text);
+			Clipboard clipboard = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getSystemClipboard();
+			clipboard.setContents(selection, null);
+			System.out.println("Copied: " + text);
+		}
+	}
+
+	public void pasteAction() {
+		try {
+			Clipboard clipboard = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getSystemClipboard();
+			String text = (String) clipboard.getData(DataFlavor.stringFlavor);
+			if (text != null && !text.isEmpty()) {
+				// Validate that pasted content is a valid number
+				try {
+					Double.parseDouble(text);
+					ci.display.setText(text);
+					saveToUndoStack(text);
+				} catch (NumberFormatException ex) {
+					JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(ci,
+							"Pasted content is not a valid number",
+							"Invalid Input", JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE);
+				}
+			}
+		} catch (Exception ex) {
+			System.err.println("Error pasting: " + ex.getMessage());
+		}
+	}
+    public void processDigit(String actionCommand) {
+		if (ci.resultVisible) {
+			ci.display.setText("");
+			ci.resultVisible = false;
+		}
+		String newValue = ci.display.getText() + actionCommand;
+		ci.display.setText(newValue);
+		saveToUndoStack(newValue);
+	}
+	public void setOperator(String daop) {
+		ci.operand1 = ci.display.getText();
+		ci.operator = daop;
+		ci.display.setText("");
+	}
+    public void clearEntry() {
+		ci.display.setText("");
+	}
+	public void showHistoryDialog() {
+		JDialog historyDialog = new JDialog(this.ci, "Calculation History", true);
+		historyDialog.setSize(500, 400);
+		historyDialog.setLocationRelativeTo(this.ci);
+		historyDialog.setLayout(new BorderLayout(10, 10));
+
+		List<String> historyList = ci.history.getCalculationHistory();
+
+		if (historyList.isEmpty()) {
+			JLabel emptyLabel = new JLabel("No calculation history yet", SwingConstants.CENTER);
+			emptyLabel.setFont(new Font("Segoe UI", Font.PLAIN, 14));
+			historyDialog.add(emptyLabel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
+		} else {
+			JTextArea historyTextArea = new JTextArea();
+			historyTextArea.setEditable(false);
+			historyTextArea.setFont(new Font("Monospaced", Font.PLAIN, 12));
+
+			StringBuilder historyText = new StringBuilder();
+			for (String entry : historyList) {
+				historyText.append(entry).append("\n");
+			}
+			historyTextArea.setText(historyText.toString());
+
+			JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(historyTextArea);
+			historyDialog.add(scrollPane, BorderLayout.CENTER);
+
+			// Status label
+			JLabel statusLabel = new JLabel("Total calculations: " + historyList.size());
+			statusLabel.setBorder(new EmptyBorder(5, 10, 5, 10));
+			historyDialog.add(statusLabel, BorderLayout.NORTH);
+		}
+
+		JPanel buttonPanel = new JPanel(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.RIGHT));
+		JButton closeButton = new JButton("Close");
+		closeButton.addActionListener(e -> historyDialog.dispose());
+		buttonPanel.add(closeButton);
+
+		historyDialog.add(buttonPanel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
+		historyDialog.setVisible(true);
+	}
+    public void clearHistoryAction() {
+		int result = JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(this.ci,
+				"Are you sure you want to clear all calculation history?",
+				"Clear History", JOptionPane.YES_NO_OPTION, JOptionPane.WARNING_MESSAGE);
+
+		if (result == JOptionPane.YES_OPTION) {
+			ci.history.clearHistory();
+			JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this.ci,
+					"History cleared successfully",
+					"Success", JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE);
+		}
+	}
+}
\ No newline at end of file